Category: storage / NAS / QNAP

TLC last longer and are faster but also more expensive

czkawka it is the rust rewritten successor to fslint what is neat: it searches a directory for duplicate files and lists the biggest files first pitfalls: the terminal version is sufficient (imho) in theory it has a gui practically it […]

“to swap, or not to swap, that is the question”: definately swap Shakespeare “to encrypt, or not to encrypt” (if it contains valuable data, encrypt) “to lvm, or not to lvm” (well….) because: one fine day, the user decides to […]

lsb_release -a; # tested under Description: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster) su – root # create new file touch /scripts/shutdown.sh chmod +x /scripts/shutdown.sh # edit and insert orange content vim /scripts/shutdown.sh #!/bin/bash echo “=== shutdown as gracefully as possible ===” # […]

create a new shared folder on the nas call it “data” enable NFSv4, disable NFSv3 specify list of IPs that are allowed to access the NFSv4 share: don’t forget to hit “Apply” the idea is “anyway” to NAS<-directly-LAN-1000MBit->PC connect the […]

IDE, SCSI, SATA, SAS now U.2 M.2… that reminds of… USB Cable Salad of Madness – USB 3.0 and WiFi interference – Micro-USB USB-C mess has finally arrived the list of interfaces grows by the year? no U.2 is not: […]

ZFS is probably THE most controversial filesytem in the known universe: “FOSS means that effort is shared across organizations and lowers maintenance costs significantly” (src: comment by JohnFOSS on itsfoss.com) “Mathematicians have a term for this.  When you rearrange the […]

possible (untested!) alternative: SanDisk Extreme Pro Portable SSD V2 Review the harddisk reliability toplist: while this toplist says nothing about how reliable the harddisk can store and return exact copy of data written (!!!). this has to be tested in […]

nfs is to GNU-Linux what smb is to Windows: sharing dirs & files “The Network File System (NFS) was developed to allow machines to mount a disk partition on a remote machine as if it were a local disk. It […]

making usb sticks with GNU Linux and dd: WARNING! one single wrong drive letter and data could be irreversible destroyed! (it has happened many times before!!!) so this script make_stick.sh (download it here) aim’s to double check if it is […]

raid10 combines the speed of raid0 with the resilience of raid1. watch out: shingled hdd are not good for RAID! setup of GNU Linux mdadm software RAID10 is actually pretty straight forward: no need to do any partitioning. # tested […]

HighPoint always was and still is “crap”, if the admin wants to upgrade old server with NVMe RAID(10 preferably), than wait for ADAPTEC SmartRaid 3200 family coming out soon for purchase (untested!, see specs here https://storage.microsemi.com/en-us/support/smartraid3200/) 3200 is the new Trimode […]

for even better overview, it is possible to label harddisks & partitions like this: # this can be done on mounted ext4 / ext3 / ext2 partitions # swap partitions can not be labeled tune2fs -L “LABEL” /dev/sdaX # with […]

for some reason… did ext3 on RAID1 with two disks (seagate + wd) of different sized (2TB but they (of course) are not exactly 2TB) watch out: shingled hdd are not good for RAID! not sure where the problem here […]

Byte The term byte was coined by Werner Buchholz in June 1956,[4][13][14][b] during the early design phase for the IBM Stretch[15][16][1][13][14][17][18] computer, http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/IBM/Stretch/pdfs/Buchholz_102636426.pdf backup mirror: PLANNING A COMPUTER SYSTEM BROJECT STRETCH Buchholz Campbell_102636426.pdf which had addressing to the bit and […]

if hfs+ is greyed out in gparted there is hfs+ compatibility software missing hint: sudo should be up and running, or gparted won’t be able to open a display (as root) and won’t be able to create partitions (as non […]

to recover the data: how to mount luks2 encrypted volume also check out alternative: GNU Linux – create new encrypted partition harddisk – how to open encrypted harddisk partition possibility: remove harddisk, attach to sata2usb adapter, then mount on different […]

btw: love kvm (used by very large companies) just as virtualbox (oracle) the task: over the years a windows vm is using up massive amounts of precious server harddisk space (snapshots before everyupdate) all the snapshots now add up to […]

update 2022: next to the good old (non-destructive if used correctly) “dd” is still the way to go for benchmarking harddisks under GNU Linux. a simpler one is “gnome-disk-utility” also interesting but not very simple in installation & usage (complicated! […]

apt update apt upgrade is what users do… having no idea of the “heart attack” momentum that is awaiting them X-D after a reboot… and 1min 30sec timeout, the dreaded Control+D give root password prompt appears. “Houston we have a […]

git was initially written by Linus Torvalds on the idea: how to create source code management system that does not suck. source code management is very useful when the developer team is x > 1 developer. it allows fast syncing […]

lsb_release -a; # tested with No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Debian Description: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster) Release: 10 Codename: buster recompressing mobile phone videos can save significant amount of (precious ssd) disk space. it is very cpu intense […]

for good overview it makes sense to label the harddisk partitions according to functionality (what is their purpose?) GNU Linux bash – how to label partitions tune2fs (xfs & ext4) all infos about one’s harddisk: # tested on: hostnamectl Static […]

mdadm -E /dev/sd[a-z] # -E, –examine # Print contents of the metadata stored on the named device(s). # Note the contrast between –examine and –detail. # –examine applies to devices which are components of an array, while # –detail applies […]

spoiler alert: this is work in progress… was told by Adaptec support to upgrade firmware. did not do that yet – because firmware upgrades on production systems are sometimes very risky endeavors. one of the most important features of a […]

for good overview it makes sense to label the harddisk partitions according to functionality (what is their purpose?) GNU Linux bash – how to label partitions tune2fs (xfs & ext4) … because maybe one wants to read their smart status. […]

monitoring the integrity of a RAID is critical for fast replacement of failed harddisks (ideally one has at least one spare drive already in the machine) if not – it would be great if hard- and software-raid would send a […]

especially in times of EU-GDPR–DSGVO but also for the user’s privacy effectively shredding data is important. if the admin-user wants to wipe-shred-secure-delete entire harddisks look at this article. GNU Linux Debian 10 can do that 🙂 # install software # […]

problem: manually changing uuids is tidious and might not yield the result you want. unfortunately have not succeeded yet with integrating an old harddisk.vdi (same uuids) back into the template vm (same uuids) – so the recommendation is: reinstall os […]

for good overview it makes sense to label the harddisk partitions according to functionality (what is their purpose?) GNU Linux bash – how to label partitions tune2fs (xfs & ext4) # where is what & updates over changes (usb disk […]