brasero is actually a nice CD-R DVD-R burning based on wodim (formely known as cdrecord, now cdrecord is only a softlink to wodim) but it has some pitfalls problems on Debian 13:

Schilling claims, “is the only CD-R program available that supports most CD recorders and comes with full source.” (archive.org)

  • it actually only can properly handle files.wav, so make sure to convert all audio tracks to wav before burning
    • vim /scripts/everything2wav.sh
    • #!/bin/bash
# :) ffmpeg rocks!
if [ -z "$1" ]
  then
	echo "=== iterate over all files in current dir and convert to wav ==="
	for FILE in * ; do
		ffmpeg -y -i "$FILE" -vn -ar 44100 -ac 2 "$FILE.wav"
	done
fi
  • do not bother with “store temporary file first” but select DAO (direct2disc, no harddisk buffering) because wodim requires that for some reason or it will fail with some error: 11
  • brasero does not recognize the burner drive?
    • try insert a blank CD-R is drive now selectable? if not yes this is also a common problem of brasro
hostnamectl; # tested on
Static hostname: workstation
Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) 
Kernel: Linux 6.12.30-amd64
Architecture: x86-64
Hardware Vendor: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.
Hardware Model: B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2
Firmware Version: F19g
Firmware Date: Tue 2025-03-11
Firmware Age: 4month 1w 6d



su - root
apt update && apt install brasero
wodim -checkdrive; # where are DVD-R drives and their capabilities?
Device was not specified. Trying to find an appropriate drive...
Detected CD-R drive: /dev/sr0
Using /dev/cdrom of unknown capabilities
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 5
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   : 
Vendor_info    : 'HL-DT-ST'
Identification : 'BD-RE  BH16NS55 '
Revision       : '1.02'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc   CD-R/CD-RW driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE 
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R

# ok still getting the error :(
BraseroWodim stderr: wodim: Operation not permitted. Warning: Cannot raise RLIMIT_MEMLOCK limits.
BraseroWodim called brasero_job_get_flags
BraseroWodim stdout: TOC Type: 0 = CD-DA
BraseroWodim stderr: wodim: Resource temporarily unavailable. Cannot get mmap for 32509952 Bytes on /dev/zero.
BraseroWodim called brasero_job_get_flags
BraseroWodim stdout: HUP
BraseroWodim stderr: HUP

BraseroWodim asked to stop because of an error
error = 1
message = "Process "BraseroWodim" ended with an error code (11)"

# so tried to directly this (strangely) worked X-D
# how to wodim write a brasero.cue brasero.bin image file
# this should work, if project contains only wav files
wodim -v -dao -speed=24 -eject dev=/dev/sr0 -cuefile /path/to/brasero.cue;

USB pass through DVD-R drive via virt-manager to Debian 12

  • find a usb dvd-r drive
  • Verbatim is said to make high quality CD-R and DVD-R
  • via virt-manager USB-pass-it-through from host to vm (it seems only USB-DVD-R drives not SATA attached /dev/sr0 DVD-R drives can not be passed through?)
  •  hostnamectl; # tested on Debian12 vm running on Debian13
 Static hostname: debian12
       Icon name: computer-vm
  Virtualization: kvm
Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)  
          Kernel: Linux 6.1.0-37-amd64
    Architecture: x86-64
 Hardware Vendor: QEMU
  Hardware Model: Standard PC _Q35 + ICH9, 2009_
Firmware Version: 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2
  • worked like a charm including the “bing” sound when burning was finished 😀
  • eject /dev/sr0; # eject Disc from 1st DVD-R drive
  • eject /dev/sr1; # eject Disc from 2nd DVD-R drive
  • good luck all invovled

Links & Health is important

what use is having created (almost) perfect software (system) when the dev or the user are dead? (ok ideally it’s written in an very general language that translates to other languages so that post generations can use it for decades or even centuries?)

it’s important to take health seriously… yes we all hacked multiple nights through and drank cheap coffee, wine from supermarket in Tetrapacks (plastic bottles are WAY easier to recycle than tetrapacks!) and cheap energy drinks… and inhaled a billion car exhausts… among other offgasing chemicals from carpets and AI knows what not, but that will come to bear some day, when the user get’s older and things start to hurt here and there, expect to live long enough to feel those consequences

adding to the madness is that most vegetable is grown without ever seeing soil, because: this gives a “clean” fast growing product deficient in nutrients 🙁

try this: Naturland dmBioGrüner Tee Chun Mee, lose, 100 g https://www.dm.de/dmbio-gruener-tee-chun-mee-lose-p4066447788037.html

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brasero_(software)
    • cdrtools (formerly known as cdrecord) is a collection of independent projects of free software/open source computer programs for CD and DVD authoring.
    • “The project was maintained for over two decades by Jörg Schilling, who died on October 10, 2021” (src Wiki)
    • “have received message from his family that Jörg Schilling has passed away from complications related to kidney cancer this sunday around noon (CEST).”
    • “He will be remembered for his open source projects including- cdrtools, the first portable CD burning program
      – star, a powerful and fast tar implementation, the first to
      use two processes with a shared ring buffer for better
      performance.
      – smake, a make implementation with autoconf features
      – sformat, a versatile SCSI disk formatting program
      – SING, an autoconf fork with a comprehensive set of libc
      shims, providing a uniform API across operating systems
      – ved, an early visual editor for the UNOS operating system (I believe)
      – bosh, a carefully maintained fork of the Bourne shell
      – sccs, a carefully maintained fork of SCCS. His attempts
      to teach it projects and networking will remain unfinished.
      – libfind, an implementation of find(1) as a library for
      integration into other software.
      – libxtermcap, an extended termcap library
      – libscg, an early portable SCSI driver and libraryHe is also remembered for his commitment to open source, portability,
      and his work on POSIX. He was working on adapting his software to
      Z/OS and introducing message catalogues just weeks before his death.Jörg worked for the Bethold typesetting company, one of the first
      European customers of SUN microsystems. It is there that his love
      for UNIX and SUN OS in particular was kindled. [1]His interest in SUN OS culminated in Schillix, one of the first
      open source Solaris distributions.We will of course also remember him for his flames.[1]: https://web.archive.org/web/20061201103910/http://www.opensolaris.org/os/article/2005-05-06_profile__j_rg_schilling/May his software immortalise him.” (src damn)
    • ‘Schilling, 49, was born in Berlin, where he currently lives and works as a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems (FOKUS). His current project involves berliOS, which he describes as the first collaborative environment for open source software development in Europe. “berliOS started as a SourceForge clone; we now have about 2,000 projects, more than 10,000 users, and 4TB of downloads a month,” he says.These days, Schilling is a frequent contributor to discussions on the OpenSolaris mailing lists, but he started out to be an electrical engineer at the Technical University of Berlin. He took his first computer course there, starting out with PASCAL, on IBM mainframes with punch cards, and moving to C around 1982. At the university, he was exposed to Unix for the first time: “There was a nice course in 1981, where we took the Unix v6 sources, and had a group where we talked about it with the John Lions book [/Source Code and Commentary on Unix Level 6/]. It was already illegal by then, so somebody made photocopies.”
    • His workplace acquired some 68000-based Unix clones in the early 80s, which led him deeper into C and Unix. In 1986, he began working on a Unix-like operating system for the Atari, but stopped that effort when a Sun 2/50 came into his home a month later.
    • ‘ (src archive.org)

the whole cdrecord history (born as scsi scanner driver)

‘”Berthold also had some very high resolution scanners, which could scan about 100 lines per millimeter with a paper size of 420 by 420mm; this meant that an A3-size scan would create about 50MB of data. The only way to get this information into the computer at the time was by using SCSI, so I wrote a SCSI driver for SunOS (SunOS-3.0 at the time) that let us use the high-res scanner.

“The scanner work was the basis for CDrecord. When the first scanner was ready as a product, engineering started with a newer, much smaller, and less expensive model, but they did not know how to work with the SCSI interface. So I wrote the first generic SCSI interface, really the first generic SCSI driver in the world, because I did this in August 1986. Two years later, Adaptec did their ASPI drivers, but I did mine first and the interface is unchanged since then.”

One offshoot of this early SCSI work was the development of |sformat|, a disk formatting utility for Suns that was the first to allow formatting from a live operating system. But when Kodak and Philips announced the first CD writers in 1992, Schilling decided that SunOS should be able to write to them. “The problem was, it was hard to get the information, so I contacted Phillips and got the OK from them to get the info. But I would have to buy a drive, for DM25,000; Berthold, the company I was working for, was already dying, so they didn’t have enough money to buy the drive. So the project of writing CD-recording software would need to be delayed. A year or so later after Berthold folded, I ended up at FOKUS, and there I found the Phillips CD writer I wanted access to, and how to get info in order to interface with the drive.”

His first effort involved trying to port |CDWrite|, a Linux-based tool, to run on Solaris. “That turned out to be a nightmare. The program was really bad; it relied on proprietary Linux SCSI calls. I converted it to use my generic SCSI driver, and after I was ready with the conversion, I found I had changed 95 percent of the code.”

After a second rewrite, and after all the old |CDWrite| code had been replaced, CDrecord launched in February of 1996. Almost immediately, he enhanced it to deal with multi-session CDs, and in 1997, he ported it back to Linux. From there, it rapidly spread to other operating systems. “Within a few months, CDrecord, which I thought at this time was the most non-portable program, turned out to be the model of portability, because people were interested in having it run. We soon had ports to FreeBSD, Silicon Graphics, and other platforms, and CDrecord now runs on thirty platforms, including OS/2 and Microsoft systems.” According to Schilling, “CDrecord supports DVD-R and DVD-RW, with all known DVD writers, on all UNIX-like OSes and on Win32. DVD-writing support has been implemented in CDrecord since March 1998.”‘ (src: archive.org backup of opensolaris.org)

man:

wodim.man.txt

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